Non-Ruminants+-+Dogs

=Non-Ruminants - Dog=

Pre-Small Intestine (Group 3 - Ashley Gille)
Dog- pre-small intestine First the food is gobbled into the dog’s mouth. Prehension of feed is through the use of the dog’s tongue and teeth. Mastication occurs to break the food into smaller particles mechanically. Meanwhile, the sublingual, submandibular and parotid glands produce saliva to help with lubrication so the food can easily move down the esophagus. Water, mucin, sodium bicarbonate and salivary amylase are all mixed together in the saliva and food particles become a bolus. Deglutition occurs, pushing the bolus down the esophagus and more extensive digestion begins. The bolus is pushed down the esophagus by peristalsis, and it reaches the stomach. The bolus is physically digested by way of churning and mixing in the stomach for 2-4 hours. Chemical digestion starts with chief cells secreting HCL and enzymes in the stomach breaking bonds between fibrous food materials. Peptic cells in the stomach secrete pepsinogen, which, along with the presence of HCL and protein from the food, activates pepsin. Pepsin enzyme digests protein in the stomach of the canine. Food begins being pushed to the small intestine by way of peristalsis. --Excellent description :)

Small Intestine (Group 3 - Candace Hoelzel)
The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum and in dogs the length of the small intestines is roughly 2.5 times as long as the dog. When food enters the duodenum (the active site of digestion) mucous from the stomach protects the intestines and enzymes and bile are brought in to aid in digestion bile salts emulsify lipids which then are surrounded by phospholipids to create micelles which transport the hydrophobic lipids though the watery small intestine.When fat and protein enter the duodenum the hormone CCK is released which tells you to feel full and for the pancreas and gallbladder to contract. This is also where zymogens, or inactive enzymes, are activated and begin to digest the feed the rest of the way (more specifically, which zymogens and enzymes and how are they activated?). Moving on to the jejunum, where the villi are the longest and have the most surface area, this is the part where the most nutrient absorbion takes place. This happens through either simple or facilitated diffusion or by active transport, which requires energy from the body. In the final part of the small intestine known as the ileum residual nutrient absorbion takes place and food moves on into the large intestine.

Large Intestine (Group 3 - Teal Kampe)
By the time the food reaches the large intestine, most of the nutrients have been digested and absorbed. In this part of the gut, completion of water absorbtion, the manufacture of certain vitamins, formation of feces, and some fermentation of dietary fiber by bacteria takes place. This process is responsible for the production of gas, often associated with flatulence. Feces are around 60–70% water, and the rest is made up of undigested food, dead bacteria, and some inorganic material. The feces are stored in the rectum and evacuated through the anal sphincter. And, if everything in the process has gone according to plan, this will happen outside your home when you take your dog for a walk .LOL

The large Intestine is made up of four parts: cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal - nope, this belongs in the alimentary tract. . However, the intestinal microflora may play an important role in the first-pass metabolism of compounds which are poorly or incompletely absorbed by the gut mucosa. They may also play an important role in the enterohepatic recirculation of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds which are well absorbed and subsequently re enter the gut via the bile.

Post Large Intestine (Group 3 - Sarah Luing)
After the feces are formed in the rectum, they exit the large intestine and enter into the anus. The anus is the last part of the alimentary tract and controls the exit of the feces. A dog’s anus is surrounded by anal glands, which are scent glands that produce strong-smelling, oily secretions. Anal sacs that store the secretions used for territory marking are located between the internal and external anal sphincters. When a dog’s anus is stretched and the stool is passed, the sphincter muscles squeeze the anal sacs and force the contents onto the surface of the stool. Cool method, not so cool if they're infected, lol.